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DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA'S INDUSTRY
In 2008, global financial crisis hastened the economic recession worldwide and the economic situation of China also underwent big changes. Under the impacts of a series of factors including macro-regulation, extraordinarily serious natural disasters, disappearance of wealth effect in stock market and implementation of national emission standards III, the production and sales of automobiles in China shown the tendency of “going down” and the momentum of high-speed growth in recent years was finished. The growth rate of economic benefits of the industry obviously slowed down and the increase of export was considerably restricted.
The production and sales of automobiles of China reached 9.3451mn and 9.3605mn respectively in 2008, up by 5.21% and 6.70% respectively year-on-year, while the growth rate of production and sales dropped by 16.81% and 15.14% respectively year-on-year, which was the first time for the annual growth rates below than 10% since 1999.
The production and sales of passenger vehicles totaled 6.7377mn and 6.7556mn respectively, up by 5.59% and 7.27% respectively year-on-year, with the growth rate down by 16.35% and 14.41% respectively year-on-year. Though the growth rates fell rapidly, the percentages of production and sales of passenger vehicles maintained a stable growth, accounting for 72.10% and 72.02% of the total production and sales of automobiles respectively, a rise of 0.26% and 0.39% respectively. Compared with passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles were in downturn since the second half of the year. The production and sales of commercial vehicles totaled 2.6074mn and 2.6249mn, up by 4.24% and 5.25% respectively year-on-year, which were lower than those of the industry by 0.97% and 1.45%. The growth rate fell by 17.97% and 17.00% respectively. The percentages of production and sales of commercial vehicles accounted for 27.90% and 27.98% of the total production and sales of automobiles respectively, a slighter lower than those in 2007.
Sedans, trucks and cross passenger cars ranked Top 3 in aspect of sales. The sales of the above-mentioned vehicles totaled 5.0469mn, 1.6406mn and 1.0636mn respectively in 2008, accounting for 53.80%, 17.49% and 11.34% of the total automobile sales respectively, with the rise of percentage by 0.04%, 0.24% and 0.10% respectively.
With respect to the growth contribution rate of major types of automobiles, the production and sales of passenger vehicles remained at the top to 77.08% and 77.77% respectively, a growth of 5.455% and 6.57% respectively year-on-year, while those of commercial vehicles dropped. By different types of vehicles, the growth contribution rates of production and sales of basic passenger vehicles (sedans) remained at the top to 51.80% and 54.39% respectively, a drop of 6.12% and 2.61% respectively year-on-year. The growth contribution rates of production and sales of trucks, cross passenger vehicles and SUV were higher than those in 2007. The growth contribution rates of production and sales of passenger cars and tractor-trucks were comparatively low, with certain drop compared with those in 2007. The growth contribution rates of production and sales of MPV and incomplete trucks and passenger cars were negative, a worse performance.
The sales of sedans with self-owned brands amounted to 1.3082mn in 2008, accounting for 25.92% of the total sales of sedans, a drop of 0.43% year-on-year concerning market share. Among foreign brands, Japanese brands had relatively good performances and the sales of vehicles reaches 1.556mn, accounting for 30.83% of the total sales of sedans with the market share increasing by 1.92% year-on-year. The sales of German and South Korean brands increased to 1.0265mn and 361,700 respectively, accounting for 20.34% and 7.17% of the total sales of sedans respectively, with the market share growing by 0.38% and 1.25% respectively. The sales of the US and French brands fell slightly to 615,300 and 178,100, accounting for 12.19% and 3.53% of the total sales of sedans, with the market share dropping by 1.96% and 0.85%.
From Jan. to Nov. 2008, the growth rate of profits of industrial enterprises of China decreased obviously, and the industrial enterprises above the designated scale gained profits of RMB2.4066tn, up by 4.9% year-on-year with the growth rate dropping by 31.8% year-on-year. In the situation where the profit growth rate of the industrial sector as a whole slowed down, the profit growth rate of the automobile industry also jumped. From Jan. to Nov, the profits of the automobile industry amounted to RMB123.9bn, up by 8.74% year-on-year, with the growth rate dropping by 56% year-on-year.
With regard to export, the export of complete vehicles was largely affected by international environment in 2008. In the first half of the year, the fast growth trend was maintained as a whole, while since the third quarter, the growth rate obviously fell, particularly, the year-on-year drop of every month for consecutive five months since Aug. quickened the trend of fall of export growth rate on year-on-year basis in 2008. By the end of 2008, the export of automobiles totaled 680,700, up by 11.10% year-on-year, with the growth rate falling by 67.85% year-on-year. The amount of export reached USD9.633bn, up by 31.75%, with the growth rate falling by 101.44% year-on-year.
With regard to import, 410,100 automobiles were imported in 2008, up by 30.53% year-on-year. The accumulative amount of import reached USD15.128bn, up by 41.65% year-on-year with the same growth rate of the previous year. As far as the import of automobiles was considered, the situation in the first half of the year was relatively good, while import slowed down since July. After the fourth quarter, the import grew month by month, better than export at the same time.
STATUS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT
According to the statistics of MOFCOM, 366 foreign investment projects in Automobile industry(Automobile Industry (Code C372) hereinafter is in accordance with the National Economic Industrial Classification (GB/T4754-2202）.) were newly set up in 2009, 155 less than that of the same period in the last year, and the amount of the actual utilized foreign capital reached USD 2,294,730,000, down by 13.96％
year-on-year. The number of newly established foreign invested enterprises and the amount of the actual utilized foreign capital accounted for 1.56％and 2.55％
of the national total number or amount of foreign capital absorption in the Automobile industry during the same period.
According to the source of foreign capital, calculated by the amount of the actual utilized foreign capital, in 2009, countries or regions: Hong Kong, Korea Rep, Japan, Br. Virgin Is, Germany ranked No.1 to No. 5 in the Automobile industry regarding the amount of FDI, accounting for 34.43%, 11.5%, 8.82%, 8.53%, 6.87% of the total amount of the actual utilized foreign capital of the industry separately.
In Automobile industry in 2009, ten Asian countries/regions (Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Japan, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Korea) newly set up 256 enterprises in China, with the actual utilized foreign capital of USD 1,363,460,000, down by 28.69％
and down by 10.55％
separately year-on-year. The number of the newly established enterprises and the actual utilized foreign capital accounted for 69.95％
and 59.42％
of the national total number or amount of foreign capital absorption in the same period.
The EU newly set up 35 enterprises in China, 42.62 less than that of the same period last year; the actual utilized foreign capital reached USD 282,230,000, up by 37.64％
year-on-year. The number of the newly established enterprises and the amount of the actual utilized capital accounted for 9.56％
and 12.3％
of the national total number or amount of foreign capital absorption in the same period.
The US newly set up 29 enterprises in China, down by 38.3％
year-on-year; the actual utilized foreign capital reached USD 130,770,000, down by 64.62％
year-on-year. The number of the newly established enterprises and the amount of the actual utilized capital accounted for 7.92％
and 5.7％
of the national total number or amount of foreign capital absorption in the same period.
According to regional foreign capital absorption, 305 foreign-invested Automobile enterprises were newly set up in the Eastern area, with actual utilized foreign capital of USD 2,088,320,000, accounting for 83.33% and 91.01% of the national total number or amount of foreign capital absorption in the same period. In the Eastern area, Jiangsu Province, Shandong Province and Zhejiang Province ranked among the tops with respect to actual utilized foreign capital, had 105, 40 and 72 newly established foreign-invested enterprises separately, with the actual utilized foreign capital of USD 582,450,000, USD 343,040,000 and USD 293,610,000, accounting for 25.38%, 14.95% and 12.79% of the total amount of the actual utilized capital of the industry in the Eastern area separately.
51 foreign-invested Automobile enterprises were newly set up in the Central region, with actual utilized foreign capital of USD 135,380,000, accounting for 13.93% and 5.9% of the national total number or amount of foreign capital absorption in the same period. In the Central region, Hunan Province, Anhui Province and Hubei ranked among the tops with respect to actual utilized foreign capital, had 6, 7 and 10 newly established foreign-invested enterprises separately, with the actual utilized foreign capital of USD 55,830,000, USD 41,670,000 and USD 19,240,000, accounting for 2.43%, 1.82% and 0.84% of the total amount of the actual utilized capital of the industry in the Central region separately.
10 foreign-invested Automobile enterprises were newly set up in the Western area, with actual utilized foreign capital of USD 71,030,000, accounting for 2.73% and 3.1% of the national total number or amount of foreign capital absorption in the same period. Chongqing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Sichuan Province ranked among the tops with respect to actual utilized foreign capital, had 5, 2 and 2 newly established foreign-invested enterprises separately, with the actual utilized foreign capital of USD 45,890,000, USD 12,710,000 and USD 7,320,000, accounting for 2%, 0.55% and 0.32% of the total amount of the actual utilized capital of the industry in the Western area separately.
According to utilizing manners of the foreign capital, newly established projects of Automobile industry in 2009 are as follows: 87 Chinese-foreign equity joint venture projects, 6 wholly foreign-invested projects, 273 Chinese-foreign contractual joint venture projects, The amount of the actual utilized foreign capital reached USD 687,700,000、USD 1,601,560,000 and USD 4,780,000 separately．
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